Observations
• The procedure developed to compute COM for TMcan be used for any map projection, canonical or not.
• The procedure avoids having to compute the footpoint latitude.
• For most PCSs the formulas reduce to simple forms so themore complex procedure is only needed for TM, UTM andProjection-based SRFs for which COM is complex.
• This general procedure provides a means of verifying commonCOM formulas when arbitrary origins have been introduced.
• COMs formulas for common SRFs other than TM and UTM are:
PS in northern hemisphere; otherwise.