Latitude, Longitude and Height

For ellipsoid of revolution ORS:

Celestiodetic latitude, celestiodetic longitude and celestiodetic height are defined as per this diagram. The line through P is perpendicular to the ellipsoid of revolution. Celestiodetic longitude ? is generally referenced to the “Prime Meridian”.

For sphere ORS:

Celestiocentric longitude is the same as for the ellipsoid of revolution case, ? is the celestiocentric latitude, and hos is height above the sphere. The line through P is perpendicular to the sphere. In mapping, charting and geodesy, spherical ERMs are almost never used.

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